针对航行体水下垂直发射出水载荷机理问题,首先开展了典型工况全过程的数值模拟,得到了航行体肩、尾空泡及表面压力的演化过程,并与试验结果进行了对比验证.在此基础上揭示了航行体肩部空泡溃灭的过程和机制,进而提出了出水溃灭压力的物理模型,探索了空泡厚度、水层厚度、声速等重要参数的影响,讨论了试验溃灭压力相似律等相关问题.

Pressure pulses generated by cavitation collapse when vehicles launching through the free surface will form the key load which decides the strength of structures. Consequently, it is very significant to investigate the mechanism of cavitation evolution and collapse. Firstly, a typical vertical launching process was simulated, and time sequences of pressure distribution gained were verified by experimental results. Through the analysis about flow fields, mechanism for the occurrence and evolution of cavitation collapse was investigated. Furthermore, a physical model of collapse pressure was established, by which influence of important factors such as cavity thickness, thickness of water layer, sound speed were studied. Finally, relative issues about the similarity law of scaled tests and load-reduction measurements were discussed.